ship n. 1.船;大船;海船;舰〔作阴性看,代名词用 she, her〕。 2.三桅船;全装帆船。 3.船形物。 4.〔俚语〕赛艇。 5.〔美国〕飞船;飞机。 6.全体船员。 His Majesty's ship 〔英国〕军舰。 a capital ship 主力舰。 a ship's company 全体船员。 a ship's husband (在岸上代表船方处理事务的)船舶代理人。 a ship's lawyer 〔美国〕次等律师。 ship's papers 船证;船照。 a space ship 太空船。 burn one's ship 破釜沉舟。 clear a ship 卸货。 gauge a ship 量船的吃水量。 go on board a ship 乘船。 heave a ship to 【航海】停船。 jump ship 1. 弃船潜逃。 2. 背弃;潜逃。 launch a ship 使船下水。 on board a ship 在船上;在[往]船内。 lose [spoil] the ship for a ha'p'orth (=halfpennyworth) of tar 因小失大。 speak a ship 【航海】给别的船打招呼[发信号]。 take ship 〔古语〕乘船;搭船。 when one's ship comes home 如果变成富翁;如果有了钱;当某人时来运转;当某人发财时。 wind a ship 【航海】掉转船头。 vt. (-pp-) 1.装上船;用船运;装货;卸货;(用船、铁路、马车等)装运;运送;送。 2.雇(水手)。 3.装上;安上(船具)。 4.〔口语〕解雇;赶走;撵走;摆脱。 5.(自船舷侧)灌进(海水)。 6. 〔口语〕推出(新产品等)。 vi. 1.上船;乘船。 2.在船上工作;做水手[水兵]。 ship as bo'sun 做水手长。 ship a sea [water] 冒着波浪,波浪打上甲板。 ship oars 把桨安在桨架上。 ship off 送往;遣送。 ship out 1. 坐船到国外去。 2. 送(某人上船)到海外去。 ship over 〔美国〕重新再进海军服役。
Article 47 the carrier shall , before and at the beginning of the voyage , exercise due diligence to make the ship seaworthy , properly man , equip and supply the ship and to make the holds , refrigerating and cool chambers and all other parts of the ship in which goods are carried , fit and safe for their reception , carriage and preservation 第四十七条承运人在船舶开航前和开航当时,应当谨慎处理,使船舶处于适航状态,妥善配备船员、装备船舶和配备供应品,并使货舱、冷藏舱、冷气和其他载货处所适于并能安全收受、载运和保管货物。
After that the authqr argues that the carrier ' 5 fault is embodied by omission in taking necessary measures required to discharge the carrier ' s obiigation , and the measures include to exercise due di l igence to make the ship seaworthy . the author also discuss how to prove fauit of the carrier by anaiyze the reiationship between fauit and exemption ciause and the basis for the carrier ' s responsibil ity for the ioss caused by his servant , agent and independent contractor 接着,根据承运人的完好及时交付货物的义务,提出承运人的过错表现为没有为完好交付货物采取善良管理人应当采取的措施,具体表现为没有采取适当措施使船舶适航等,并通过分析过错和免责事由之间关系,讨论了过错的证明问题。
This thesis is planed to analyze and demonstrate this obligation in detail , and tries to clarify the issues below : 1 , the differences in the obligation standards among the carrier , the common carrier and the bailee , and the differences in the obligation standards between care of cargo and making the ship seaworthy ; 2 , combined with the cases and shipping practice , solving the problems which is produced in fulfilling the obligation ; 3 , with the principle of law , analyzing the character of the responsibility which should assume when the care of cargo obligation is breached ; 4 , introducing the provisions about care o f cargo obligation in preliminary draft instrument on the carriage of goods by sea and expressing my opinions 本文拟对这一义务进行详细的分析和论证,试图阐明以下几个方面的问题: 1 、承运人管货义务所要求的“妥善和谨慎”的标准与公共承运人、托管人管货义务的标准的区别,与承运人适航义务的标准“克尽职责”的区别; 2 、结合有关案例和航运实务,分析该条文字面所表述的管货义务的各个环节在实际运用中的相关问题; 3 、从法理的角度分析违反管货义务所应承担的责任的性质; 4 、介绍正在制订的《海上货物运输法》 (草案)中关于承运人管货义务的规定,并提出自己的意见。
In this part , i cite some cases and decisions to explain the meaning of " properly and carefully " above all . then , with the purpose of distinguish discriminations , i compare it one by one with the standards which the common carrier and bailee must be complied when they fulfil the care of cargo obligation , and the standard of the obligation of making the ship seaworthy 这一部分首先结合案例和判词解释“妥善和谨慎”这一标准的含义,然后再将其与公共承运人的管货义务、托管人的管货义务和承运人适航义务的标准逐一进行比较,试图在比较中分清差别,进一步明确含义。
The carrier shall , before and at the beginning of the voyage , exercise due diligence to make the ship seaworthy , properly man , equip and supply the ship and to make the holds , refrigerating and cool chambers and all other parts of the ship in which goods are carried , fit and safe for their reception , carriage and preservation 承运人在开航前和开航时,应当谨慎处理,使船舶处于适航状态,妥善配备船员、装备船舶和配备供应品,并使货舱、冷藏舱、冷气舱和其他载货处所适于并能安全收受、载运和保管货物。